The Nine Forms of Durga: What Each Navadurga Represents

During Navratri, each of the nine days is dedicated to a different form of the goddess. Together they are called the Navadurga. The names appear in a well-known verse recited in many homes, and each form carries a symbolic message, from the strength of the mountains to the quiet power of knowledge.

The list below follows the order most widely used. Local traditions can differ in colours, offerings and some details, so treat this as a general guide.

Days one to three

Day 1: Shailaputri. Her name means "daughter of the mountain". She is shown riding a bull, carrying a trident and a lotus, and is associated with the beginning of the spiritual path and with steadiness.

Day 2: Brahmacharini. She represents devotion and discipline. Her story is of Parvati performing long austerities to be united with Shiva. She is usually pictured holding a rosary and a water pot.

Day 3: Chandraghanta. A crescent moon shaped like a bell adorns her forehead. She rides a tiger and is seen as a protector who brings courage and calm.

Days four to six

Day 4: Kushmanda. Said to have created the universe with her gentle smile, she is shown with many arms and a radiant presence. Devotees associate her with health and energy.

Day 5: Skandamata. She is the mother of Skanda (Kartikeya) and is depicted holding the child on her lap, seated on a lotus. She represents motherly love.

Day 6: Katyayani. Born to the sage Katyayana, she is a warrior form who rides a lion. In many traditions she is associated with the slaying of Mahishasura, told in this account of the Devi Mahatmya.

Days seven to nine

Day 7: Kalaratri. The fiercest form, dark-complexioned with flowing hair, destroys fear and ignorance. Despite her appearance, she is regarded as a granter of fearlessness.

Day 8: Mahagauri. Radiant and fair, she represents purity and peace. In many homes Ashtami is the day when young girls are honoured in Kanya Pujan.

Day 9: Siddhidatri. Seated on a lotus, she bestows spiritual accomplishments. Many people end the nine days with prayers and a festive meal.

How people use this in practice

Some devotees wear the colour traditionally linked to each day, light a lamp with a particular offering, or read a hymn to that day's form. These details vary widely and none is required to take part. A simpler habit is to learn one day's story each evening and share it with the family.

If you want to see how the same festival looks in different parts of the country, read Navratri across India. For the food that accompanies the fasting, see the Navratri fasting guide.